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S. Census Bureau Quick Facts: United States. Retrieved 2021, from here.
Forrester, J. A., Weiser, T. G., & Forrester, J. D. (2018). An Update on Fatalities Due to Venomous and Nonvenomous Animals in the United States (2008–2015). Wilderness & Environmental Medicine, 29(1), 36-44. doi:10.1016/j.wem.2017.10.004
Golden, D. B. (2007). Insect Sting Anaphylaxis. Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America, 27(2), 261-272. doi:10.1016/j.iac.2007.03.008
Boyle, R., & Ludman, S. (2015). Stinging insect allergy: Current perspectives on venom immunotherapy. Journal of Asthma and Allergy, 75-86. doi:10.2147/jaa.s62288
Parish, H. G., Bowser, C. S., Morton, J. R., & Brown, J. C. (2016, May 21). A systematic review of epinephrine degradation with exposure to excessive heat or cold. Retrieved from here.
Jubilant HollisterStier Allergy. Instructions and Dosage Schedule for Allergenic Extracts: Hymenoptera Venom Products
Goldberg, A., & Confino-Cohen, R. (2000). Insect sting–inflicted systemic reactions: Attitudes of patients with insect venom allergy regarding after-sting behavior and proper administration of epinephrine. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 106(6), 1184-1189. doi:10.1067/mai.2000.110927
Münsted, K., Hellner, M., Winter, D., & Von Georgi, R. (2008). Allergy to Bee Venom in Beekeepers in Germany. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol, 18(2), 100-105.
Varga, E., Kausar, F., Aberer, W., Zach, M., Eber, E., Durham, S. R., & Shamji, M. H. (2013). Tolerant beekeepers display venom-specific functional IgG4 antibodies in the absence of specific IgE. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 131(5), 1419-1421. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2012.08.037
Venomil [package insert]. Spokane, WA: Jubilant HollisterStier Allergy.
Nittner-Marszalska, M., & Cichocka-Jarosz, E. (2015). Insect sting allergy in adults: Key messages for clinicians. Polish Archives of Internal Medicine, 125(12), 929-937. doi:10.20452/pamw.3216
Golden, David B.K., et al. “Stinging Insect Hypersensitivity.” Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, vol. 118, no. 1, 2017, pp. 28–54., doi:10.1016/j.anai.2016.10.031.
Note: “bee sting” is often used in reference to any and all bee, wasp, hornet, and yellow jacket stings
Golden, David B.K., et al. “Stinging Insect Hypersensitivity.” Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, vol. 118, no. 1, 2017, pp. 28–54., doi:10.1016/j.anai.2016.10.031.

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